Alaska's inside Passage – Wilderness & Culture (Southbound)

Embarking from Sitka

After an early-morning flight into Sitka from Vancouver, you’ll arrive in a city set in the heart of Tongass National Forest. This has been the ancestral homeland of the Łingít people for 10,000 years. Russian explorers settled here at the turn of the 19th century, and Russia, weakened by the Crimean War, sold the territory to the United States in 1867.

Today, those layers of history remain visible: at the Russian Orthodox Cathedral and Russian Bishop's House, and in the Łingít and Haida totem poles at Sitka National Historical Park.

Your ship is waiting at the pier. It’s time to settle into your cabin, meet the Expedition Team, listen to the safety briefing, and take your seat for a welcome dinner.

It's hard not to like Sitka, with its eclectic blend of Alaska Native, Russian, and American history and its dramatic and beautiful open-ocean setting. This is one of the best Inside Passage towns to explore on foot, with St. Michael's Cathedral, Sheldon Jackson Museum, Castle Hill, Sitka National Historical Park, and the Alaska Raptor Center topping the must-see list.Sitka was home to the Kiksádi clan of the Tlingit people for centuries prior to the 18th-century arrival of the Russians under the direction of territorial governor Alexander Baranof, who believed the region was ideal for the fur trade. The governor also coveted the Sitka site for its beauty, mild climate, and economic potential; in the island's massive timber forests he saw raw materials for shipbuilding. Its location offered trading routes as far west as Asia and as far south as California and Hawaii. In 1799 Baranof built St. Michael Archangel—a wooden fort and trading post 6 miles north of the present town.Strong disagreements arose shortly after the settlement. The Tlingits attacked the settlers and burned their buildings in 1802. Baranof, however, was away in Kodiak at the time. He returned in 1804 with a formidable force—including shipboard cannons—and attacked the Tlingits at their fort near Indian River, site of the present-day 105-acre Sitka National Historical Park, forcing many of them north to Chichagof Island.By 1821 the Tlingits had reached an accord with the Russians, who were happy to benefit from the tribe's hunting skills. Under Baranof and succeeding managers, the Russian-American Company and the town prospered, becoming known as the Paris of the Pacific. The community built a major shipbuilding and repair facility, sawmills, and forges, and even initiated an ice industry, shipping blocks of ice from nearby Swan Lake to the booming San Francisco market. The settlement that was the site of the 1802 conflict is now called Old Sitka. It is a state park and listed as a National Historic Landmark.The town declined after its 1867 transfer from Russia to the United States, but it became prosperous again during World War II, when it served as a base for the U.S. effort to drive the Japanese from the Aleutian Islands. Today its most important industries are fishing, government, and tourism.

Remote Islands of Alaska’s Wild Coast

Today we’ll make the most of our Zodiacs to explore the rugged coastline where Alaska’s Inside Passage meets the Pacific Ocean. Keep your binoculars in hand: this is an area where you’re very likely to see sea lions and sea otters, along with whales and nesting seabirds.

We may also step ashore in a small, remote fishing community, where boardwalks replace roads and daily life unfolds at a gentle pace, surrounded by wilderness. Take time to wander, visit a local museum, or simply watch the water—whales are sometimes known to venture close to shore.

Watch for sea lions, sea otters, and orcas where the Inside Passage meets the open Pacific Ocean, and step ashore in a fishing village.

Discover a flourishing artistic heritage

Near the head of the Lynn Canal lies the frontier town of Haines, which was originally home to the Chilkat Łingít people. They are renowned for their weaving skills, with mountain goat fur and cedar bark woven into intricate designs, and here, you’ll see excellent examples of their work.

Haines has a flourishing art scene, with galleries and workshops showcasing totem carvings, silverwork and sculptures. Taking home some Alaskan arts and crafts is a great way to support local creators. The beautiful landscapes here are also ideal for hiking and wildlife spotting.

Unlike most cities of Southeast Alaska, Haines can be reached by road. With a population of 2,200, Haines lies in the upper northern reaches of the Inside Passage and is an important access point to the Yukon Territory and Interior Alaska. While cruising into Haines, see the Lynn Canal, the longest and deepest fjord in North America. Once in town, mountains seem to surround you on all sides while the jagged cathedral peaks of the Chilkat Mountains loom over Fort Seward. Haines has two distinct personalities. On the north side of the Haines Highway is the section of Haines that developed around the Presbyterian mission. After its missionary beginnings, it served as the trailhead for the Jack Dalton Trail into the Yukon during the 1897 gold rush to the Klondike. South of the highway, the town resembles a military post, which is exactly what it was for nearly half a century. In 1903 the U.S. Army established Fort William Henry Seward at Portage Cove just south of town. The post (renamed Chilkoot Barracks in 1922) was the only military base in the territory until World War II. In 1939, the army built the Alaska Highway and the Haines Highway to connect Alaska with the other states. Today, the community of Haines is recognized for the Native American dance and culture center at Fort Seward as well as for its superb fishing, camping and outdoor recreation.

Spend time with the local community

We’ll spend the day exploring this deep, narrow section of the Chatham Strait, perhaps heading out on Zodiacs to explore the waters, where you should keep your eyes peeled for humpback whales. You may have the chance to see them work harmoniously to adopt a method of ‘bubble net feeding’, a rare sight that is often only seen in these parts of the world.

We also hope to visit a remote community and pause for a storytelling session with a community elder, hearing about daily life in these quiet, rarely seen regions. We also might hike through Tongass National Forest, America’s largest temperate rainforest, with local guides, and you may take a self-guided stroll through the village, learning about the local history.

Learn about Haida culture

The coastline of Prince of Wales Island is best explored by Zodiac or kayak. If conditions allow, choose your favourite of the two, gliding alongside the forested coastline and gulping in the sea air. Black bears, Sitka black-tailed deer, sea otters, and humpback whales are just some of the wildlife that call America’s fourth-largest island home.

During our time here, we’ll take the opportunity to meet one of the two remaining Haida communities in Alaska. Hear firsthand about their history and deep spiritual connection to the land and sea, and witness the art of totem pole carving, with historical legends skilfully depicted on the wood.

Gain insight into Tsimshian culture

Today, we’ll be heading on shore to learn about Metlakatla from the indigenous community that calls it home. Our Tsimshian hosts will tell us about their culture, seafaring traditions, and intricate art. Here, stories are often told by the medium of dance, and we’ll have a chance to witness a dance demonstration that will remain a highlight of your expedition. Explore more of the island with local guides, and try the traditional foods, such as salmon, berries, and seaweed.

Since the late 19th century, Metlakatla has been the major settlement of the Metlakatla Indian Community of the federally recognized Annette Islands Reserve, the only remaining reservation in Alaska. It is located on Annette Island, and in 2010 had 1,405 residents. Membership in the community is primarily by lineage and is comprised primarily of Tsimshian people. Metlakatla comes from a Tsimshian word meaning "Salt Water Passage." In 1886, William Duncan, an English tannery employee and lay member of the Church Missionary Society, along with a devoted group of Tsimshian followers, decided to leave his home village in British Colombia. Duncan went to Washington, D.C., asked the U.S. government to give his group land in Alaska. The U.S. gave them Annette Island after a Tsimshian search committee in seagoing canoes discovered its calm bay, accessible beaches and abundant fish. The group arrived in 1887 and built a settlement laid out in a grid pattern like a European town. They named the town New Metlakatla, after the town they had left behind, but later dropped the "New."

Marine wildlife along the Pacific coast

This coastal route takes us through the great North American Pacific Fjordland, a protected stretch of water over 930 miles long.

We’ll be sailing outside of the protected fjords into open waters, up Queen Charlotte Sound and Hecate Strait. This is a day at sea, and our passage is somewhat protected from the open ocean by the island of Haida Gwaii. As we sail, look out for wildlife including humpback whales, orcas, fin whales, minke whales, and Pacific white-sided dolphins.

Back where it all began

Your expedition ends in the vibrant city of Vancouver, a Pacific seaport framed by steep mountains and dense coastal forest. Wander the Victorian streets of Gastown, or walk the seawall past the towering cedar groves of Stanley Park, a first taste of the wilderness ahead. The seafood and farm-to-table dining here is exceptional.

Perhaps cross to Granville Island for the public market, hire a bike along the seawall, or head up Grouse Mountain for a panoramic farewell view of the city, ocean, and peaks you've explored on your voyage.

Vancouver is a delicious juxtaposition of urban sophistication and on-your-doorstep wilderness adventure. The mountains and seascape make the city an outdoor playground for hiking, skiing, kayaking, cycling, and sailing—and so much more—while the cuisine and arts scenes are equally diverse, reflecting the makeup of Vancouver's ethnic (predominantly Asian) mosaic. Vancouver is consistently ranked as one of the world's most livable cities, and it's easy for visitors to see why. It's beautiful, it's outdoorsy, and there's a laidback West Coast vibe. On the one hand, there's easy access to a variety of outdoor activities, a fabulous variety of beaches, and amazing parks. At the same time, the city has a multicultural vitality and cosmopolitan flair. The attraction is as much in the range of food choices—the fresh seafood and local produce are some of North America's best—as it is in the museums, shopping, and nightlife.Vancouver's landscaping also adds to the city's walking appeal. In spring, flowerbeds spill over with tulips and daffodils while sea breezes scatter scented cherry blossoms throughout Downtown; in summer office workers take to the beaches, parks, and urban courtyards for picnic lunches and laptop meetings. More than 8 million visitors each year come to Vancouver, Canada's third-largest metropolitan area. Because of its peninsula location, traffic flow is a contentious issue. Thankfully, Vancouver is wonderfully walkable, especially in the downtown core. The North Shore is a scoot across the harbor, and the rapid-transit system to Richmond and the airport means that staying in the more affordable ’burbs doesn't have to be synonymous with sacrificing convenience. The mild climate, exquisite natural scenery, and relaxed outdoor lifestyle keep attracting residents, and the number of visitors is increasing for the same reasons. People often get their first glimpse of Vancouver when catching an Alaskan cruise, and many return at some point to spend more time here.